Repositorio Institucional de la EscuelaThe DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material.http://repositorio.unca.edu.pe:802024-03-28T21:49:00Z2024-03-28T21:49:00ZMethodology for the phenotypic evaluation in Guazuma crinita trees in Ucayali, PeruRevilla Chávez, Jorge ManuelLópez Galán, Edinson EduardoGonzales Alvarado, Antony CristhianSáenz Ramírez, Lyanna HellenMori Vásquez, Jorge ArturoRojas Mego, Krystel ClarissaAbanto Rodríguez, CarlosMagno Sebbenn, Alexandrehttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14003/272024-03-05T22:58:27Z2024-02-19T00:00:00ZMethodology for the phenotypic evaluation in Guazuma crinita trees in Ucayali, Peru
Revilla Chávez, Jorge Manuel; López Galán, Edinson Eduardo; Gonzales Alvarado, Antony Cristhian; Sáenz Ramírez, Lyanna Hellen; Mori Vásquez, Jorge Arturo; Rojas Mego, Krystel Clarissa; Abanto Rodríguez, Carlos; Magno Sebbenn, Alexandre
The objective of this study was to present a methodological tool for the phenotypic evaluation in progeny tests of Guazuma crinita in producer plots of the Aguaytía river basin, Ucayali, Peru, which allows field technicians to standardize the morphological evaluation criteria of trees in forest plantations. Therefore, the phenotypic traits were evaluated for plant height (m), diameter at the height of the base (cm), number of branches, number of rings, stem form, branch orientation, presence and quantity of leaves. The heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits were also estimated. Therefore, 32 morphological categories were plotted based on the significant correlations (p≤ 0.05) shown between the place of planting, the stem form, the orientation of the branches and the presence of leaves. For the same reason, the progeny showed low morphological patterns, being a low factor of phenotypic variability. It is concluded that the correlations between the biometric and morphological traits evaluated, allowed to validate the phenotypic evaluation procedures of Guazuma crinita progeny tests at 36 months of age.; O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma ferramenta metodológica para avaliação fenotípica em testes de progênie de Guazuma crinita em parcelas de produtores na bacia do rio Aguaytía, Ucayali, Peru, que permite aos técnicos de campo padronizar os critérios de avaliação morfológica das árvores em plantações florestais. Também foi estimada a herdabilidade e as correlações genéticas e fenotípicas entre os caracteres. Dessa maneira, os caracteres fenotípicos foram avaliados para altura da planta (m), diâmetro na altura da base (cm), número de ramos, número de anéis, forma do fuste, orientação do ramo, presença e quantidade de folhas. Sendo assim, 32 categorias morfológicas foram plotadas com base nas correlações significativas (p≤ 0,05) mostradas entre local de plantio, forma do fuste, orientação do ramo e presença de folhas. Conclui-se que as correlações entre os caracteres biométricas e morfológicas avaliadas permitiram a validação dos procedimentos de avaliação fenotípica dos testes de progênies de Guazuma crinita aos 36 meses de idade.
2024-02-19T00:00:00ZSpatial distribution and effective depth of roots of camu-camu with and without mulchAbanto Rodríguez, CarlosPanduro Tenazoa, NadiaÁlvarez Ticllasuca, AdielMurga Orrillo, HipólitoAlves Chagas, EdvanCardoso Chagas, PollyanaFarias Araujo, WellingtonRamírez Flores, Noéhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14003/262024-01-10T00:48:19Z2023-12-16T00:00:00ZSpatial distribution and effective depth of roots of camu-camu with and without mulch
Abanto Rodríguez, Carlos; Panduro Tenazoa, Nadia; Álvarez Ticllasuca, Adiel; Murga Orrillo, Hipólito; Alves Chagas, Edvan; Cardoso Chagas, Pollyana; Farias Araujo, Wellington; Ramírez Flores, Noé
In South America, o camu-camu has been domesticated, however, for its cultivation there is still little technical information to guarantee its adaptability and productivity in places with a well-defined dry season. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatial distribution of the root system and determine the effective depth (EP) of roots in camu-camu plants with and without mulch (WM) in uplands conditions. In an orchard, 3 plants with 3, 5 and 7 years each were chosen at random. Then mulch composed of grass (Trachypogon plumosus) was placed on a plant of each age in the canopy projection. After 12 months, the volume and EP of the roots in the 3-year-old plants with mulch was 200 mm3 and 0.3 m, and without mulch it was 500 mm3 and 0.48 m, respectively. In 5-year-old plants it was 4000 mm3 and 0.43 m with mulch, and without mulch it was 6000 mm3 and 0.64 m; and in plants with 7 years old, the volume and PE of the roots with mulch were 12000 mm3 and 0.58 m, and without mulch of 10000 mm3 and 0.71 m, respectively. The effective depth equivalent to 80% of the root concentration was lower with the use of dead vegetation cover, which is very important for the camu-camu crop, as it allows the application of a more precise and efficient water layer through irrigation.; Em América do Sul o camu-camu vêm sendo domesticado, no entanto, para seu cultivo ainda são poucas as informações técnicas para garantir sua adaptabilidade e produtividade em locais com estação seca bem definida. O objetivo neste estudo foi caracterizar a distribuição espacial do sistema radicular e determinar a profundidade efetiva (PE) das raízes em plantas de camu-camu com e sem cobertura vegetal morta (CVM) em condições de terra firme. Num pomar foram escolhidas ao acaso 3 plantas com 3, 5 e 7 anos, cada. Logo foi colocada CVM composta de capim (Trachypogon plumosus) em uma planta de cada idade na projeção da copa. Após 12 meses o volume e PE das raízes nas plantas de 3 anos com CVM foi de 200 mm3 e 0,3 m, e sem CVM foi de 500 mm3 e 0,48 m, respectivamente. Nas plantas com 5 anos foi de 4000 mm3 e 0,43 m com CVM, e sem CVM foi de 6000 mm3 e 0,64 m; e nas plantas com 7 anos o volume
e PE das raízes com CVM foram de 12000 mm3 e 0,58 m, e sem CVM de 10000 mm3 e 0,71 m, respectivamente. A profundidade efetiva equivalente ao 80% da concentração das raízes foi menor com o uso de cobertura vegetal morta, o que é muito importante para a cultura do camu-camu, pois permite aplicar uma lâmina de água mais precisa e eficiente por meio da irrigação.
2023-12-16T00:00:00ZPlant thinning recovers fruiting of Myrciaria dubia in the Peruvian AmazonAbanto Rodríguez, CarlosBravo Nieto, John AlisonJaque Macahuachi, Brenda IsabelSánchez Choy Sánchez, JoséPanduro Tenazoa, Nadia MasayaMurga Orrillo, Hipólitohttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14003/252024-01-04T22:44:29Z2023-12-31T00:00:00ZPlant thinning recovers fruiting of Myrciaria dubia in the Peruvian Amazon
Abanto Rodríguez, Carlos; Bravo Nieto, John Alison; Jaque Macahuachi, Brenda Isabel; Sánchez Choy Sánchez, José; Panduro Tenazoa, Nadia Masaya; Murga Orrillo, Hipólito
Camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) is a fruit tree native to the Peruvian Amazon. The first plantations were grown at high densities. However, after 20 years of cultivation, the trees exhibit low flowering and fruiting. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different thinning densities (3 x 3 m; 6 x 3 m; 4.24 x 4.24 x 6 m, and 6 x 6 m) and fruiting pruning on fruit production in 20-year-old Myrciaria dubia plants. The study evaluated several variables, including the number of flower buds, green and harvested fruits, as well as the mass (g) and equatorial diameter (mm) of the harvested fruits, fruit yield (t ha-1), and light intensity (lux). The best results were observed in Myrciaria dubia plants that were influenced by a thinning density of 6 x 3 m and were not pruned. These plants had the highest number of flower buds, green and harvested fruits, fruit yield, and light intensity, with values of 18805, 7522, 2820.75, 13.3 t ha-1, and 57395.00 lux, respectively. The spacing of 6 x 3 m resulted in favorable conditions for space and light, allowing the productive characteristics of 20-year-old Myrciaria dubia plants to recover. The plants were in a state of ecodormancy due to the suspension of their physiological activities caused by the absence of agronomic management.; Camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) é uma árvore frutífera nativa cultivada na Amazônia peruana. As primeiras plantações foram plantadas em densidades muito elevadas. Porém, após 20 anos de cultivo apresentan pouca floração e frutificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito de diferentes densidades de desbaste (3 x 3 m; 6 x 3 m; 4,24 x 4,24 x 6 m e 6 x 6 m) e podas de frutificação na produção de frutos em plantas com 20 anos de idade de Myrciaria dubia. As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de botões florais, frutos verdes e de colheita; também foram avaliadas a massa (g) e o diâmetro equatorial (mm) dos frutos colhidos, bem como a produtividade de frutos (t ha-1) e a intensidade luminosa (lux). As plantas de Myrciaria dubia influenciadas pela densidade de desbaste de 6 x 3 m e sem poda apresentaram os melhores resultados em número de botões florais, frutos verdes, frutos colhidos, produção de frutos e intensidade luminosa com 18.805; 7522; 2.820,75; 13,3 t ha-1 e 57.395,00 lux, respectivamente. A densidade de desbaste de 6 x 3 m permitiu condições favoráveis de espaço e luminosidade para recuperar as características produtivas de plantas de Myrciaria dubia com 20 anos de idade que se encontravam em estado de ecodormência devido à suspensão de suas atividades fisiológicas devido à ausência de atividades agronômicas.
2023-12-31T00:00:00ZEfecto de la utilización de Agregados de Concreto Reciclado sobre el Ambiente y la Construcción de Viviendas en la ciudad de HuamachucoElías Silupu, Jorge WilmerFlores Franco Jorge EnriqueBarrera Gutiérrez Ramon EnriqueReyna Pary Cesar Albertohttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14003/242023-06-09T13:07:57Z2020-03-12T00:00:00ZEfecto de la utilización de Agregados de Concreto Reciclado sobre el Ambiente y la Construcción de Viviendas en la ciudad de Huamachuco
Elías Silupu, Jorge Wilmer; Flores Franco Jorge Enrique; Barrera Gutiérrez Ramon Enrique; Reyna Pary Cesar Alberto
En la presente investigación se logró determinar el efecto de utilizar los agregados de concreto reciclado (ACR) como materia prima en la elaboración de concreto para la construcción de viviendas en la ciudad de Huamachuco. Se utilizó como materia prima, para el diseño de mezclas, el cemento Portland Tipo I, gravilla de 1/2" y 3/4", arena gruesa y los agregados de concreto reciclado, estos últimos sustituyeron a la arena gruesa y a la gravilla en los porcentajes en volumen de 50%, 75% y 100% respectivamente. Se elaboraron probetas de concreto simple y concreto conteniendo ACR según la Norma Técnica Peruana 339.033, luego se realizó el ensayo de compresión a las probetas, después de 7, 14 y 28 días de curado, según la Norma ASTM C39, así se pudo determinar que el concreto conteniendo 50% ACR presento la mejor resistencia a la compresión, alcanzando 200,18 kg/cm2. Además, se pudo observar que la resistencia a la compresión del concreto conteniendo 100% ACR después de 14 días presenta una tendencia casi lineal. Finalmente, se elaboró el inventario para el análisis del ciclo de vida (ACV) del concreto, dicha información nos servirá para realizar el ACV del concreto empleando para tal fin el software libre OPENLCA.; In the present research was determined the effect of using the recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) as raw material in the elaboration of concrete for the construction of houses in the city of Huamachuco. Portland cement Type I, 1/2 "and 3/4" gravel, coarse sand and aggregates of recycled concrete were used as raw material for the design of mixtures, these last replacing coarse sand and gravel in the percentages by volume of 50%, 75% and 100% respectively. Specimens of simple concrete and concrete containing RCA were prepared according to Peruvian Technical Standard 339.033, then the compression test was performed on the specimens after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing, according to ASTM C39, so the concrete containing 50% RCA showed the best compressive strength, reaching 200.18 kg/cm2. Also, it was observed that the compressive strength of the concrete containing 100% ACR after 14 days presents an almost linear tendency. Finally, the inventory for the life cycle assessment (ACV) of the concrete was elaborated, this information will serve to realize the ACV of the concrete using for that purpose the OPENLCA free software.
2020-03-12T00:00:00Z